英国藏二战中缅印战区军事文献

Series Foreword by Myron J. Smith, Jr. Acknowledgments Abbreviations Chronology Introduction Historiographical Narrative Biographical Essay Manuscript and Archival Resources General Douglas MacArthur, The Person World War I, West Point, Army Chief of Staff, and the Philippines World War II The Occupation of Japan The Korean War The Last Years Areas for Future Research Annotated Bibliography Author Index Subject Index

… This history is no exception; the records used are mainly of U.… Moreover, the records turned up by the authors of this book … Faced with a situation in which military and economic sanctions…

… the Historical Division, War Department Special Staff (as it then was) to join it as civilians and write its CBI theater history. Romanus was thirty, had an MA in history from the University of …

… War has yet to be written, much less can be said of a good history for the China- Burma- India theater, or CBI, … In India, the British never yielded the command of the large British troops …

This article examines the dissemination of military propaganda and the operation of censorship structures within the Indian Army ‘units’—a term used in historically contemporary documentary sources to denote regiments, divisions or battalions—serving in the eastern provinces of the subcontinent during the Second World War. Instead of presenting propaganda as merely being misleading information, this work operates with Philip Taylor's interpretation of it being a combination of ‘facts, fiction, argument or suggestion’, and concentrates instead on unravelling its form and the intent behind its deployment. Moreover, the often artificial distinction between ‘propaganda’ and ‘counter-propaganda’ is avoided, since the many wartime British public relations projects in South Asia that were aimed at contradicting particular enemy claims were very frequently represented as having other concerns. Particular attention is devoted to describing the military's attitudes towards policies of propaganda and information between 1942 and 1945, as these years saw Eastern India, defined in wartime official documents as being comprised of Assam, Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, the eastern districts of the United Provinces and the sparsely populated frontier areas bordering Burma, develop into an important base of operations against the Japanese armies located in Southeast Asia.

… intertwined, and above all during the Second World War. Japanese commercial communities across the … Its track record in China and Manchukuo hardly inspired confidence. How much …

ABSTRACT This article reassesses the value of the British government’s official histories of World War II by considering their relationship to other official and unofficial accounts of the war. Whilst basically agreeing that they were ‘the last deception operation’ of the war (Aldrich 2004), I argue they provide a useful vantage point from which to navigate a range of sources, with relevance for the current age of information warfare by state and non-state actors. I focus on what could be considered one of the most authentic sources for the official histories: unit war diaries that have been kept of British military campaigns since 1907. I read war diaries of special operations in occupied Burma during World War II against both the official history, The War Against Japan (1957–69), and memoirs of these still contested events. I detail how an official narrative of the first operation, Operation Longcloth (1943), was cast in doubt by war diaries and related documents written by soldiers, which went on to inform the critique of the campaign and Brigade Commander Orde Wingate in The War Against Japan. I also look at how bureaucratic regulations shaped a wide variety of texts on the operation and allowed for the expression of ambivalence about one of its most controversial aspects: Wingate’s policy of leaving behind the sick, wounded, and exhausted.

ABSTRACT This article explores recent literature on the often-overlooked Burma theatre of the Second World War. The brutal contest in Burma, which took place in the most hostile of climates, was never a priority for any of the belligerents in the global war. Despite this, a re-examination of the men who fought in the jungles, hills, and plains of Burma from myriad nations and cultures – and who bled and died in their thousands – adds a number of dimensions to our understanding of the war in the Far East. The twenty-first century has seen an expansion of the literature on the Burma theatre which has added both depth and colour to this truly unique arena of war. These contributions are invaluable in the realms of logistics, airpower, intelligence, politics, and soldiery. This fresh wave of literature includes the re-publication of certain first-hand examinations of some of the most disastrous moments in British military history; the longest fighting retreat conducted by the British Army; the reforging of that army into a victorious fighting force; and accounts of some of the greatest special operations units in history. Such accounts, in tandem with a number of recent scholarly monographs and edited volumes, argue strongly for the rediscovery of this ‘forgotten’ war.

This article examines how photography documenting the military campaign in Burma was mobilized in efforts to reconstruct the image and idea of the British Empire at the end of the Second World War. It analyses a selection of popular publications which provided visual instruction for white Anglophone audiences, promoting continuing British imperialism after the Allied victory. These publications were intended to be kept for posterity, acting as ‘domestic archives of empire’ for Anglophone audiences across the globe. Such publications represented the empire at war and in peacetime, supposedly fit for the postwar moment. At the time of their publication, these ‘domestic archives of empire’ exhorted white Anglophone readers to view the British Empire as embodying a liberal and tolerant mission. Today, they offer insights into a vernacular history of empire on the verge of fragmentation, presaging the challenges of reconstruction and decolonization and the development of imperial nostalgia.

… his planning for an offensive into Burma based on the setting up of strong points where British and Indian troops … and infiltration had successfully forced British forces to retreat, often in …

… 517 All pictures in this volume are from Department of Defense files. … and pressing immediate needs of other theaters, combined to keep the CBI theater, throughout 1942, low on the list …

In September 1945, after the fall of the atomic bomb - and with it, the Japanese empire - Asia was dominated by the British. Governing a vast crescent of land that stretched from India through Burma and down to Singapore, and with troops occupying the French and Dutch colonies in southern Vietnam and Indonesia, Britain's imperial might had never seemed stronger. Yet within a few violent years, British power in the region would crumble, and myriad independent nations would struggle into existence. Christopher Bayly and Tim Harper show how World War II never really ended in these ravaged Asian lands but instead continued in bloody civil wars, anti-colonial insurrections, and inter-communal massacres. These years became the most formative in modern Asian history, as Western imperialism vied with nascent nationalist and communist revolutionaries for political control. Forgotten Wars, a sequel to the authors' acclaimed Forgotten Armies, is a panoramic account of the bitter wars of the end of empire, seen not only through the eyes of the fighters, but also through the personal stories of ordinary people: the poor and bewildered caught up in India's Hindu-Muslim massacres; the peasant farmers ravaged by warfare between British forces and revolutionaries in Malaya; and, the Burmese minorities devastated by separatist revolt. Throughout, we are given a stunning portrait of societies poised between the hope of independence and the fear of strife. Forgotten Wars vividly brings to life the inescapable conflicts and manifold dramas that shaped today's Asia.

The framing of British policy towards India in the twentieth century sought to reconcile its prime importance in the dependent empire with its political aspirations through some kind of evolution towards the status afforded the settler dominions. Though British policy towards other dependencies was rarely co-ordinated — even so far as concerned a region like “Further India” — it was influenced by their relationship with India. India in a sense defined the limits of those policies: they must not go so far as to undermine the British position in India by untoward example; nor, on the other hand, must they make so little advance as to alienate the Indians and inhibit the availability of Indian forces. For Burma the inter-relationship was particularly close. Burma had been acquired from India, partly in order to protect British commerce based in India, but mainly to provide for the security of British India. It had been administered from India. Indian commerce, Indian labour, Indian moneylending had as a result established new ties. But India also influenced the reshaping of the constitutional as well as the administrative structure. Working both within and outside those structures, Burman nationalism was itself influenced by developments in India, though directing its criticism at Indian, even more, perhaps, than at British economic exploitation. The Burman nationalists insisted that the constitutional advance of Burma must at least keep pace with that of India.

… support from the UK, has attempted to censure Burma as a “… briefly mentioned plans to upgrade the small Burmese naval … ability of the Burmese armed forces to operate and maintain …