全球化与数字化下传统手工艺小微企业运营模式转型升级路径：Z 公司精益价值链、韧性供应链生态、数字化柔性生产与非遗文化传承

本文聚焦传统手工艺的现代转化问题，以苏绣、竹编等江苏地区代表性传统手工艺为研究对象，运用案例分析、比较研究与田野调查法，从地域文化传承与当代市场需求双重视角，探究传统手工艺在材料创新、技艺融合及产品形态重构方面的可行路径。研究发现，传统手工艺的现代转化需兼顾文化本真性与时代适应性，通过“传统技艺+现代设计”“地域符号+跨界融合”等模式实现可持续发展。

传统手工艺符号承载着深厚的文化基因，其文创转化是传统文化当代活化的关键路径，但当前面临创新不足、文化传递浅表化等困境。在生成式AI技术爆发的背景下，AI为手工艺符号的文创创新提供了技术赋能新范式。本文基于符号学、设计学理论，采用文献研究法、案例分析法与对比研究法，系统分析AI赋能传统手工艺符号文创的技术特征与发展现状，重点探讨其在创作效率、符号转译、产业生态等方面对传统手工艺文创行业的冲击与重塑，揭示当前行业面临的技术适配错位、文化表达浅表化、版权伦理模糊等核心问题，并从技术优化、符号深耕、人才转型、生态构建四个维度，提出传统手工艺符号文创从形式复刻走向文化深耕的创新路径。研究认为，AI并非替代传统手工艺传承的工具，而是推动其文创实现“技术精准化、文化内核化、产业生态化”的重要引擎，未来核心竞争力将聚焦于“AI技术工具化+文化符号深度化+创意个性化”的融合创新，为传统文化数字化传承提供新方向与实践参考。

非物质文化遗产是中华文明智慧的结晶，徐州剪纸与香包作为其中的典型代表，蕴含着丰富的文化内涵，承载着深厚的民族精神。在数字化技术迅猛发展的时代浪潮中，非物质文化遗产的活态传承既迎来了技术赋能的良好契机，也面临着文化异化的潜在风险。本文聚焦徐州剪纸与香包这两大典型案例，深入探讨非物质文化遗产数字化生存的内在机制，细致分析其面临的数字化人才匮乏、保护技术不足与平台运营困难等现实困境，并从人才培养、技术提升与平台优化三方面针对性地提出相应对策，期望能为非物质文化遗产的传承与发展提供具有参考价值的理论依据。

As a vital carrier of human cultural diversity, intangible cultural heritage (ICH) faces significant challenges regarding its preservation and inheritance in contemporary society. Against the backdrop of a rapidly evolving digital economy, leveraging digital platforms to promote the market-oriented operation of ICH has emerged as a crucial pathway for achieving its living transmission and sustainable development. Grounded in cultural capital theory, sustainable development theory, and platform economy theory, this paper systematically analyzes the specific pathways through which ICH can achieve commercialization via digital platforms. These pathways primarily manifest in three core operational models: transaction platform models, customized service models, and video-based teaching models. The study finds that digital platforms can effectively expand the market reach of ICH products, stimulate consumer demand, and reshape the ecosystem of inheritance. However, this process also confronts profound challenges, including the dilution of cultural authenticity, tendencies towards excessive commercialization, the exacerbation of inequality in inheritance due to the digital divide, and the lack of robust intellectual property protection. This paper argues that the commercialization of ICH and its cultural preservation are not inherently contradictory. The key lies in establishing a tripartite framework for sustainable development, guided by "cultural value leadership, market mechanism drive, and institutional system safeguards." Accordingly, the paper proposes several policy recommendations, such as establishing an assessment mechanism for cultural authenticity, improving the governance system of digital platforms, fostering multi-stakeholder collaboration, and advancing innovations in the intellectual property system for ICH. These recommendations aim to provide theoretical references and practical guidance for the preservation, transmission, and development of ICH in the digital era.

… -handcraft linkage, with special attention to vulnerable sectors of society, the youths. However, the handicraft … be suggested on the contribution of handicrafts in eradicating poverty and …

In South Africa, exploiting economic opportunities in the handicraft sector could create livelihood and employment for ordinary citizens living in rural areas. The potential contribution of handicraft small enterprises to sustainable livelihoods and poverty alleviation is yet to be fully exploited. It is also regarded as a sector with great growth potential, but the degree of support provided to the handicraft sector is low. The study aims to evaluate the socioeconomic factors influencing the viability of handicraft small businesses operating in KwaZulu-Natal. Data collection was drawn from a stratified random sample of 196 handicraft practitioners operating in different areas of KwaZulu-Natal Province with a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with the STATA statistical package. The results obtained from the study have shown that 84 enterprises (42.86%) were not viable, whereas 112 of the 196 handicraft enterprises (57.14%) were viable. The percentage of overall correct classification for this procedure was equal to 77.96%. Percentage sensitivity for the fitted logistic regression model was equal to 60.71%. Percentage specificity for the fitted logistic regression model was equal to 82.14%. The p-value obtained from Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was equal to 0.0884 > 0.05. This indicates that the fitted logistic regression model is fairly well reliable. The findings from the analysis showed that two factors significantly influenced the viability of handicraft enterprises. These two factors were the belief that handicraft business could sustain the handicraft practitioner, and the level of support for handicraft businesses from non-governmental organizations is decreasing. AcknowledgmentSouth Africa SarChi Chair, Nation Research Fund and Department of Science and Technology, South African, for providing funding for this research.

Rural-based micro-enterprises have recently gained broad attention in developing countries where most citizens live in rural areas, and their livelihoods depend on entrepreneurial undertakings. The nexus between rural enterprises and export trade is increasingly becoming vital as most rural inhabitants engage in handicrafts. This study assesses the contribution of Business Development Services (BDS) to rural-based handcraft Micro Enterprises (MEs) in export markets. Data were collected from 92 owners of handicrafts MEs in Ololosokwan and Sukenya, Ngorongoro District Arusha, Tanzania. Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that 18.9 to 74.5% of the variation of handicrafts MEs’ participation in export markets was explained by the variation in BDS access. It was also found that technical support, entrepreneurship and leadership training programs have a significant relationship with rural-based MEs’ participation in export markets. It is concluded that BDS contributes largely to the participation of rural-based MEs in export markets. The study recommendations include adopting a supportive institutional and policy framework for the frequent provision of BDS at low costs and specific MEs’ needs and developing business networking platforms that will provide important export market information. This study contributes to advances in the body of literature on effective BDS strategies in the handicraft industry. More importantly, it brings new insights into how BDS is linked with export market participation among Maasai rural-based handcraft MEs in an emerging nation.

Handicraft industries continue to play an important role in the economies of all Asian countries including Malaysia. They not only constitute small business activities in themselves but are also often the only available means to provide additional employment and raise the level of living for rural populations. Despite the government's several institutional and policy support for enhancing the capacity of micro and small-scale enterprises, the results have fallen short of expectations. In view of the growing world market for products of traditional Asian handicraft industries, having a relevant entrepreneurial ecosystem model specific to handicraft micro and small industries in Malaysia is imperative. Thus, this study attempts to: (1) identify the components of entrepreneurial ecosystem of handicraft micro and small industries in Malaysia; (2) determine the relationship between components of entrepreneurial ecosystem and business performance. The SEM-PLS approach has been employed as a statistical method to analyze the research model. Data were collected from 50 handicraft micro and small entrepreneurs using personally administered questionnaire surveys. The findings indicate that only talent was found to have a significant relationship with business performance. This study is significant to the investors, the ministry, the government, academics and even business owners in providing a comprehensive model in understanding the handicraft industry entrepreneurial processes through which the ecosystems emerge, change, and influence the activities of the entrepreneurs.

This paper uses two case studies of small UK-based yarn businesses to explore whether craft enterprises might make a distinctive contribution to sustainable development. The ways in which positive social, environmental and economic impacts are supported by these businesses are identified and their potential as niche sites contributing to a broader sustainability transition is considered. These businesses themselves believe there are strong links to the social dimensions of sustainability, particularly in terms of community building. There is also a distinctive contribution to economic aspects of sustainability with the outputs of craft enterprises releasing latent financial value and attaching value associated with provenance and rarity compared to a commodity market, rather than contributing to conventional economic growth. Contributions to environmental sustainability are largely indirect, through changing the economic viability of marginal agricultural production and therefore allowing conservation management in less economically favoured areas. This preliminary analysis suggest that the smallest craft enterprises do offer insights into how a wide transition might be achieved, but realising such a transition is made more difficult by the ambitions and motivations of the individuals in the craft businesses themselves.

This research focuses on the factors that barriers and foster (drivers) digital innovation and entrepreneurship amongst small businesses operating in the Handicraft industry after the economic downturn. From the perspective of new Indian craft entrepreneurs, digital and innovative entrepreneurship is crucial to surviving the crisis. It will eventually encourage the development of the handmade goods market and the artisanal reconfiguration as a business. In this study, the qualitative method was used. For the creation of themes, Inductive content analysis (analytical, inductive technique) was used to interview fifty online handicraft business owners who rely on their craft talents for income. After the pandemic, two types of motivation were generated for handmade entrepreneurs. The first motivation was extrinsic, which conditioned the handicraft market, restricted mobility, and upgraded household status for entrepreneurship. The second was intrinsic motivation among the craft entrepreneurs who generated individual and professional skill growth. These two factors encouraged digital craft innovations and entrepreneurial advancement of transitioning handicraft companies to digital platforms. After the interview, respondents explained several hindrances or restrictions, market interruption, and quality internet. Even after that, it resolved as the effect of the pandemic reduced and digital skill training for innovation and entrepreneurship passion increased for developing a robust programme that supports the handicraft new entrepreneurs after the economic calamities. This finding contributes to the area of investigation and contributes to entrepreneurship literature. This study will open the route for making the policy and development of solid strategic plans for the handicraft sector’s new craft entrepreneurs. With the help of innovative and digital entrepreneurs, small-scale or craft industries will boost the Indian economy and give some of the best suggestions for global economies. For developing economies, this study will also empower entrepreneurs to open new dimensions for marketing, supply chain, and exportation and will finally increase the Globalisation of handmade products.

Purpose Though certain characteristics of micro-firms affect the likelihood of their participation in external relationships, how cooperation in craft enterprises differs from low and high-tech enterprises has not been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aims to fill the above gap in the literature. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts a descriptive approach by extensively reviewing relevant literature to explore the unique characteristics and nature of micro-firm's co-operative behavior. The theoretical approach of this research is grounded in resource-based view and dynamic capabilities theories. Findings This study finds that handicraft micro-firms possess special and unique characteristics that differentiate them from low- and high-tech firms. Further, handicraft micro-firms' co-operative behavior also differs from other firms in terms of cooperation motives, breadth, depth and factors that inhibit or promote cooperation. Additionally, in small handicraft firms, the co-operation is more informal, personal and through social networks, whereas in the corporate sector, it is more formal, direct and through supply chains. This study also argues that contrary to handicraft and low-tech firms, high-tech firms are more likely to cooperate with external partners and invest heavily in R&D for new product development (often radical in nature). Originality/value This study enriches our understanding of handicraft micro-firms' special and unique characteristics that differentiate them from low- and high-tech micro-firms. This research also provides in-depth knowledge to understand the handicraft micro-firms’ co-operative behavior and how it differs from low- and high-tech firms.

PurposeDespite their economic and cultural significance, the growth of handicraft micro firms is vulnerable, given their small size and resource limitations. By examining the impact of cooperation on firm performance via innovation capability, this study shows how micro firms can address constraints and achieve sustainable development by acquiring and utilizing external resources, complemented by innovation capability, through internal development.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 164 handicraft micro firms in Pakistan via a questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was employed to estimate interrelations of various constructs simultaneously and control measurement errors.FindingsThe impact of cooperation with customers and suppliers on firm performance via innovation capability was positive and significant. Contrarily, competitor cooperation did not significantly affect innovation capability. Furthermore, there was a positive and significant interaction effect of customer and competitor cooperation on innovation capability. Thus, micro firms must reinforce their customer and supplier relationships through innovation capability and internal transformation for sustainable development. Moreover, a balance must exist between cooperation and competition to achieve optimal innovation returns for the sustainable development of firms.Originality/valueThis study emphasized that micro firms must strengthen their customer and supplier relationships via innovation capability and internal development to achieve higher performance. Moreover, the study introduced a new dimension for measuring firm performance.

This paper analyzes sustainability and efficiency of organizations committed to the exploitation’ activities of tuleThyphaspp at the Zapotlan’s Lake taking into consideration the socioeconomic and environmental impact in the municipalities of Gomez Farias and Zapotlan el Grande. The initial hypothesis departs from the consideration of the scarce social capital of organizations that limits development’s sustainability. The research method employed is the ethnographic complemented with field work supported by informal interviews, documental and bibliographic research. The hypothesis of this research is proved empirically and confirms similar findings by the research conducted on the mainstream theory of social capital and its implications on economic development. The outcomes of the application demonstrate that the drama of economic efficiency and sustainable development of micro-business is tied to constrain of social capital. This finding has implications for the design and implementation of economic and social policies oriented towards the improvement of economic growth and sustainable development.

ABSTRACT Technological innovation is crucial for enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of small enterprises. However, the factors influencing its adoption in handicraft enterprises remain unknown. Therefore, this study explores the factors influencing small handicraft enterprises to adopt technological innovation and their impact on overall firm performance using data from 344 Pakistani small handicraft enterprises. Structural equation modelling was used for the data analysis. The results reveal that various factors such as artistic vision, resource constraints, and competition, among others, significantly and positively influence handicraft producers’ adoption of technological innovation. Furthermore, five distinct sources of innovation were identified as having a substantial influence on technological innovation. The findings also demonstrate that technological innovation significantly and positively affects the economic and cultural performance of enterprises. This study deepens our understanding of the different influencing factors and sources driving technological innovation in handicraft enterprises, suggesting that beyond customers’ needs or demands, many factors play crucial roles in influencing artisans to embrace technological innovation. In contrast to previous studies that reported customers, suppliers, or competitors as innovation sources, this study contributes to the literature by examining other sources, such as self-creativity and other artisans within the firm. Our findings have implications for theory and policy.

Small and Micro Enterprise (SME), Sector is regarded worldwide as an engine for economic development, a source of income and employment creation, a major contributor to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), a linkage to large enterprises in the supply of goods and services, and a main promoter for entrepreneurship skills, creativity and major innovators for new products and processes. Despite all these, not much progress in value creation has been realized particularly from Rural Small and Micro Enterprises. Most studies done on SMEs indicate that there is a tendency of higher failure rate as compared to large firms although they are perceived as the main instruments for creativity, wealth and employment creation. This study presents a review of craft entrepreneurship practices in value creation among rural small and micro enterprises in North Mugirango Constituency, Nyamira County. Cross-sectional concurrent triangulation mixed research design was adopted targeting rural small and micro enterprises in the target area. Using Yamane sampling formula, snow ball sampling technique was used in arriving at a sample of 207 respondents. Questionnaire and interview schedules were major data collection instruments. Study findings indicated that: rural SMEs have a role to play in social economic development, there is more of creativity among rural craft entrepreneurs, and most businesses use appropriate technology but lack entrepreneurial competency. Both County and the national government stand to benefit in formulating new policies aimed at transforming Rural Small and Micro Enterprises into value creation engines. Craft small and micro enterprise owners would also benefit from new knowledge in creativity and use of appropriate technology in value creation.

… variable has been log-transformed, we can say that as Handmade item moves from zero to one, … for information technology adoption and use in micro-enterprises. Journal of the Midwest …

ABSTRACT

Craft producers in South Africa (SA) face many challenges including supply chain challenges. There is no existing study that has investigated the supply chain management of the craft industry in SA. There is also dearth of literature on supply chain management of small businesses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the supply chain practices and challenges of craft producers in South Africa. A survey was conducted among 199 craft producers in Gauteng, South Africa. A convenience sampling method was adopted owing to the difficulty of accessing a reliable database of craft producers. Craft producers rely mainly on phones for customers to place orders. However, they use variety of methods for order placement. Customers are allowed to also visit the factory to buy products and they can buy at the exhibition. They use a variety of production methods. Due to transportation challenges, craft producers also make use of public transport to deliver goods and keep some products at the warehouse.

The industry leather craft faced serious sustainability challenges related to water pollution heavy metal contamination and negative environmental, social and economic impacts. This systematic review aimed to fill the research gap on sustainable supply chain integration in the leather craft industry, which was essential to address sustainability challenges and supported industry transformation. The research aimed to identify enabling factors, analyze benefits, formulate implementation strategies, and analyze the impact of sustainable supply chain implementation on stakeholders in the leather craft industry. A systematic review was conducted by searching the Scopus and Web of Science databases using relevant keywords. Inclusion criteria included English-language articles, original research, and a focus on sustainable supply chains in the leather industry. The quality was assessed using the MMAT checklist. The data were extracted using NVivo and synthesized through clustering citations by meaning. Of the 264 articles identified, 36 studies were included in the review. The results showed a range of enabling factors (e.g., regulation, technology, management, and market), benefits (e.g., efficiency, environment, and competitiveness), implementation strategies (e.g., supplier evaluation, technology, and collaboration), and significant impacts on stakeholders (e.g., companies, workers, suppliers, consumers, government, and society). Future research was recommended for multi-stakeholder empirical studies, cross-country comparisons and multidisciplinary approaches.

PurposeThe handicraft sector is unorganized, with tremendous opportunities for generating employment, particularly for the non-urban and bottom of the pyramid (BOP) population. The aim of this paper is to revisit the existing supply chain of the handicraft sector to identify the gaps that can help generate better marketing outcomes for the sector when addressed.Design/methodology/approachA mixed method of qualitative and quantitative research has been used. Empirical observations from artisans have been collected to identify different variables impacting the functioning of the handicraft value chain.FindingsDifferent variables were identified and grouped into six important dimensions through the mixed-method research. The components were ranked based on importance, which can help in developing a robust supply chain at BOP for the handicraft sector.Originality/valueStudies on the supply chain of the handicraft sector are rare, and none has tried to understand issues in an integrated way directly from the artisans. This study has captured the voices of the artisans, and through qualitative and quantitative data analyses, the main reasons for the artisans' pain points were identified. This can give directions to a viable business model for the handicraft sector.

This research discusses the strategy of developing a Tapis craft tourism village and the tourism supply chain in Negeri Katon village, Pesawaran district. The purpose of this study is to identify tourism potential and formulate strategies for developing Tapis craft tourism villages and tourism supply chains. The method used in this study is to use SWOT analysis which includes IFAS, EFAS, IE and SWOT matrices. Based on the results of the research conducted, there are several tourism potentials that can be developed. The IFAS matrix analysis produces 5 strengths and 4 weaknesses, while based on the EFAS matrix analysis there are 3 opportunities and 2 threats. The IE matrix shows that the development of tourist villages is in quadrant one position. The conclusion of this research is that based on the SWOT analysis, there are several alternative strategies that are produced including involving the community in the development of tourist villages starting from planning, implementing and evaluating, making tour package programs, making photo spots for tourists, assisting the community to ensure the program runs well, increasing human resource capabilities, taking advantage of technological developments to maximize promotions, forming tourism management institutions, encouraging people to become entrepreneurs in the culinary field, utilizing and managing people's homes as homestays, building tourist facilities and infrastructure, creating Tapis culture week activity programs, involving the younger generation in exhibition activities, forming the Tapis community, including Tapis lessons in formal schools, improving coordination between craftsmen and the government as well as providing counseling and education to the community.

Abstract For two decades, fair trade has served as an alternative approach of trading that encourages minimal returns, sustainability, and ethics, by offering producers in developing countries better trading conditions and secured rights. This movement has emerged recently in China, with companies involving domestic trading between richer and poorer regions. However, lack of third-party certification, standardization, process control, public awareness, and brand recognition continue to be challenges. To understand the current fair trade business in China, this paper investigates important decision-making areas from a supply chain management perspective. With the nature of empirical studies, an in-depth case analysis of a fair trade craft company has been conducted along with the purchasing and supplier relationship management, internal operations, and marketing and customer relationship management. This company currently combines the role of fair trade organization and retailer, by implementing an in-house certification system and vertically integrating the supply chain. Findings also highlight risk at each stage of supply chain. Compared with the western society, the unique features of Chinese fair trade business are captured with prioritized areas for improvement. This research contributes to the fair trade literature by providing exploratory study into emerging issues in the supply chain, particularly inside developing countries. The recommendations also create value for policy-makers and practitioners of fair trade companies.

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) require support to evolve into established organizations due to their strong flexibility to change. Nonetheless, numerous obstacles confront SMEs in their efforts to develop and compete. This study seeks to evaluate supply chain performance and the formulation of competitive strategies inside small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This serves as an option for assessing supply chain performance while emphasizing the formulation of competitive strategies to enhance it, encompassing the management of material, information, and financial flows from both supply and demand perspectives. The evaluation of supply chain performance is conducted with the SCOR model, which relies on the identification of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) derived from the outcomes of the SMEs business mapping process. Subsequently, multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) employing the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is utilized to assign weights to the KPI criteria for assessing supply chain performance and guiding competitive strategy creation. The study's results identified the indicators categorized into planning, production, sourcing, delivery, and returns. The measurement of supply chain performance suggests that the case study industry has a value of 84.11, signifying commendable performance. Moreover, competitive strategies, using Kraljic Matrix, Six Sigma, Lean Method, or mixed strategies, have been suggested to enhance supply chain performance and business competition, informed by the outcomes of the SCOR model and the MCDM approach.

This paper empirically analyzes collaborative relationships among craftsmen and their suppliers in the food and beverage industry. Despite the recent return to traditional manufacturing methods triggered by customers’ attention, the literature debate on supply chain collaboration, in this field, has received limited research attention. In particular, the paper aims at investigating information and knowledge sharing in craft production environments by addressing the following research questions: RQ1. What type of information and knowledge is shared? RQ2. What are the main antecedents that lead to exchange information and knowledge with suppliers? RQ3. What are the benefits? The qualitative critical analysis carried out to derive empirical evidence was based on multiple case studies involving eight companies, either ice cream artisans or craft beer producers. Collected data have been analyzed focusing on type, direction and amount of the shared contents. The size of the company and the location of supplier are the most impacting factors other than the craftwork approach to explain the emerged behavior. Knowledge exchange resulted to be more important than information sharing. The paper has a twofold contribution: on one hand, it fills the highlighted literature gap; on the other, it provides practitioners with hints to better understanding their playing field.

Due to the changes in consumer demand and generational transformations, Kyoto’s traditional craft industry has suffered substantial revenue losses in recent years. This research aimed to characterize Kyoto’s traditional craft industry by analyzing the supplier-customer network involving individual firms within the Kyoto region. In the process, we clarify the community structure, key firms, network topological characteristics, bow-tie structure, robustness, the vulnerability of the supplier-customer network as crucial factors for sustainable growth. The community and bow-tie structure analysis became clear that the traditional craft industry continues to occupy an important position in Kyoto’s industrial network. Furthermore, we clarify the relationship between modern and traditional craft industries’ network characteristics and their relative profitability and productivity. It became evident that the traditional craft industry has a different network structure from the modern consumer games and electric machinery industries. The modern industries have the strongly coupled component, and the attendant firms there create high value-added and play a significant role in driving the entire industry, while more traditional craft industries, such as the Nishijin silk fabrics and Kyoto doll industries, do not have this strongly coupled component. Moreover, the traditional crafts industry does not have a central firm or a dense network for integrating information, which is presumed to be a factor in the decline of the traditional craft industry.

Industry 5.0 combines human creativity with forward-thinking digitalization in manufacturing, yet digital learning in arts and crafts supply chain management (SCM) remains underexplored. This study aims to conceptually explore how integrating communal sharing with digital learning among employees, utilizing tools like mobile applications (Mapp) can enhance mobile SCM in arts and crafts. Using a conceptual methodology involving literature synthesis and proposition development, the study identifies key mechanisms through which communal sharing and digital learning can foster employee creativity and organizational innovation. It develops a digital learning model and proposes pathways for fostering creativity through inter-organizational information systems. The findings highlight benefits such as enhanced trust, collaboration, and information sharing, bolstered trading partner capabilities, data-driven insights, and creativity through collaborative ideation. This exploratory study navigates inter-organizational relationship dynamics among arts and crafts employees to elucidate how digital learning can optimize mobile application SCM in Industry 5.0. It contributes by introducing an integrated communal sharing and digital learning approach, underscoring their synergistic effects on arts and crafts SCM in the digital age. The study concludes with a conceptual model, practical implications and future empirical research directions.

… The results of this study contribute to the silver craft creative industry by improving supply chain management in the components of interactions with customers the volume and caliber of …

… The analyzed data in this paper is a subset of 5,943,072 supply chain transaction relationships among 1,668,567 individual Japanese firms (including the firm name, location, …

The Indian Handicrafts are exclusively known for their cultural heritage and exquisitely skilled craftsmanship. In the present market, there are lots of brands that come into existence with the synergy of artisans and have sustainable business growth. In this study, the focus is on understanding sustainable business in the Indian arts and crafts industry through a qualitative case study method. The data collected are through semistructured phone call interviews and Google survey forms. The collected data are categorized and analyzed through Observe, Think, Test, and Revise (OTTR) method. From this research, the various opportunities to enhance the synergy of artisans and entrepreneurs, analyzing market potential, production techniques of the artisans, design interventions in the craft, the 4P’s of marketing strategies, the importance of government policies and schemes, and the effect of competition are explored. The unsustainable business in handicrafts was the key problem that paved way for the rise of this research. This paper explores the unsustainable practices in the handicraft sector through literature review and also provides sustainable business opportunities that could help in the growth of the handicraft business.

… The length of supply chain at Ajeng Gallery causes emergence of risks that can harm the … purpose of this study is to implement supply chain risk management properly. By using House …

External factors such as blurring market boundaries, escalating customer diversity and increasing global competitive threats have forced businesses to build strategies around key products and formulate market-driven strategies that are integrated with relationship and supply chain strategies to deliver superior customer value. Indeed, in the modern era of supply chain management, organisations are getting more integrated with their suppliers and customers as a way to manage the total supply chain. The purpose of this research was to determine if product strategies and supply chain practices of small craft business are aligned. Personal in-depth interviews were conducted with nine craft businesses operating in Gauteng Province, South Africa. The findings revealed that craft businesses struggle to match their product strategies with their supply chain strategies. Craft businesses also exhibited some inbound supply chain weaknesses.

… First, the types of project and role undertaken by contemporary craft … industry supply chains, with makers increasingly providing services as well as products and working to supply other …

… Focusing on craft firms whose business core is based on personal luxury craftsmanship, we … to understand how they are integrating digital manufacturing with an open innovation and …

… of the relationship between digital fabrication and craftsmanship, we propose to discuss a series of recent projects completed in a lecture class titled Modeling and Digital Fabrication at …

… the investments in both digital marketing and digital technologies and their subsequent … advantages that craftsmen derive from subscribing to post-Covid commercial and digital-based …

… can be used as supportive tools to craftsman to explore their artwork and access to digital manufacturing. But, the industrial package are far away from the reach of craftsman's, so it is …

… This paper argued for the critical role of digital craftsmanship … digitally enabled phase of visualisation and virtual prototyping, the research challenges traditional notions of craftsmanship …

Based on evidence from two exploratory case studies, the article examines how intangible cultural heritage can promote sustainable rural development by creating value for rural communities. The studied communities in Bavaria, Germany, and Le Marche, Italy, are closely tied to traditional agricultural practices and their historical legacies. In the German case study, alpine pasture farming has sustained its cultural landscape and tourism for generations, while in the Italian case, the rural sharecropping legacy evolved into a culinary heritage project. Bad Hindelang (Germany) stands out as a mature destination with a long history of sustainable tourism, achieved through collaboration between farmers, conservationists, and the local community. The region balances tourism, conservation, and ecological farming through community participation and collective action. In contrast, Le Marche region (Italy) has only recently experienced increasing numbers of international tourists, but seems well-situated to exploit opportunities for cultural and culinary tourism development. The Marche Food and Wine Memories project has preserved the oral memories and the culinary heritage of former sharecroppers, yet economic value for the region has so far been limited. Post-COVID-19, the region may benefit from increased demand for tourism in culturally appealing, authentic and less crowded destinations. The article emphasises that intangible cultural heritage can enrich the quality of life of local residents and enhance visitors’ experiential value. Innovative approaches like storytelling and participatory engagement make these cultural expressions accessible to wider audiences, including tourists, thus benefiting heritage communities in various ways. Both cases highlight the role of innovation, with Bad Hindelang’s eco-model promoting ecological farming and Le Marche’s project preserving sharecroppers’ heritage through corporate heritage marketing. Collaboration among various stakeholders has been a key to success in both cases. The article also illustrates the range of functions fulfilled by intangible cultural heritage, from restoring social dignity to maintaining landscape aesthetics and ecological integrity.

Intangible cultural heritage has a unique value. It is very important to evaluate and discover the value of intangible cultural heritage. Therefore, referring to the relevant references of countries around the world, this paper compares the research status of countries around the world with the development trend of China's intangible cultural heritage, indicating that the network resources of intangible cultural heritage can be converted into cultural capital according to the basic theory of cultural capital and then get an economic value. The use value of intangible cultural heritage is analyzed and considered according to IPA entity model analysis, kernel density estimation (KDE), and gray correlation calculation (calculated by using IPA analysis conclusion). Among them, because intangible cultural heritage cannot be measured and verified immediately, indirect measurement verification is carried out by selecting indirect indicators such as the total number of intangible cultural heritage and the development trend of intangible cultural heritage tourism. Based on the gray correlation analysis of the total number and relative density of national intangible cultural heritage and the intangible cultural heritage tourism and related industrial chains, the following proposals for the development trend of intangible cultural heritage are clearly put forward as follows: (1) Further excavate the meaning of “non-material property tourism” and increase the scope of development and design of cultural and art tourism network resources. (2) Make full use of the guiding effect of government departments on “intangible cultural heritage tourism,” and improve the normalization of the combination of culture, art, and tourism. (3) Expand the whole industrial chain of “intangible cultural heritage tourism” in an orderly manner, and promote the concept of coordinated and sustainable development of cultural and art tourism.

… of the values generated by an intangible cultural heritage good … Three expressions of value generated by intangible heritage … the value chain linked to the celebration of the Festival. This …

Virtual reality (VR) has been increasingly used in the exploitation of the source of intangible cultural heritage (ICH) for tourism, and VR-induced ICH tourism products are popping up all the time. However, there is a lack of study on VR-induced ICH tourism from the perspective of the industrial chain and a comparison of media suitable for ICH tourism products. Using the case of the Cloisonne art experience tour of the Beijing Enamel Factory, China, this study explores the application of VR in the marketing aspect of the tourism industrial chain (TIC), and compares existing media and classifies them into flat screen and VR. Researchers used a 360-degree camera to shoot the handmaking skills of metal wire inlay and paint blue, these are important steps of Cloisonne making process and part of the tour. The 360-degree video provides tourists with a pre-trip opportunity to experience the scenery of the Cloisonne production site, which helps arouse their interest in the Cloisonne art experience tour and facilitate their decisions to travel to the field. Additionally, visitors can learn how to make metal wire inlay by themselves by playing/replaying the video, which may arouse their interest in gaining knowledge about the Cloisonne art and, in turn, taking the tour. The findings indicate that the application of VR could contribute to tourism marketing by providing a pre-trip virtual experience to potential tourists and involving them in product marketing.

… of value chain step by step[11], think and construct new value network[12].To overcome the disadvantages of traditional linear thinking of value chain and realize value cocreation in …

By referring to the European Green Deal, this paper analyzes the “intrinsic value” of cultural heritage by investigating the human-centered adaptive reuse of this heritage. This implies questions such as how to improve the effectiveness of reuse, restoration, and valorization interventions on cultural heritage/landscapes and how to transform a cultural asset into a place, interpreted as a living ecosystem, to be managed as a living organism. The autopoietic characteristic of the eco-bio-systems, specifically focusing on the intrinsic versus instrumental values of cultural heritage ecosystem is discussed in detail. Specifically, the notion of complex social value is introduced to express the above integration. In ecology, the notion of intrinsic value (or “primary value”) relates to the recognition of a value that “pre-exists” any exploitation by human beings. The effectiveness of transforming a heritage asset into a living ecosystem is seen to follow from an integration of these two values. In this context, the paper provides an overview of the different applications of the business model concept in the circular economy, for a better investment decision-making and management in heritage adaptive reuse. Matera case is presented as an example of a cultural heritage ecosystem. To conclude, recommendations toward an integrated approach in managing the adaptive reuse of heritage ecosystem as a living organism are proposed.